By surveying weeds in late spring, you can identify any species that escaped previous control attempts and determine which perennials are present. Ideally tree rows are weed free, whereas weeds growing in row middles may be beneficial in reducing erosion, soil compaction, water runoff, and sediment runoff to creeks and streams that ultimately impairs water quality. However, perennial weeds are problematic and should be kept from establishing in row middles.
How to survey your orchard
- Survey your orchard in late spring or early summer, after summer annuals have germinated.
- Check for regrowth of perennials a few weeks after cultivation.
- Sketch a diagram of the orchard and mark areas where perennials are found.
- Keep records of your survey results for future management decisions (sample late-spring weed survey form—.
Survey information collected over a period of years tells you how weed populations may be changing and how effective your management operations have been over the long term. By knowing which species are present, you will be able to make appropriate decisions on cultural and chemical controls.