Barnyardgrass
(Echinochloa crus-galli): Grass family; summer annual; first leaf dull
gray-green; stem flattened, purplish; no ligule.
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Bearded sprangletop
(Leptochloa fasicularis): Grass family; summer annual; first leaves light
green, usually with white midrib; blades somewhat rolled; sheaths loose near
base of plant; ligule long, thin, membranous and tears easily.
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Common lambsquarters
(Chenopodium album): Goosefoot family; summer annual; seed leaves are
narrow, with nearly parallel sides; seed leaves and early true leaves dull blue-green
above and often purple below.
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Prairie cupgrass
(Erichloa contracta): Grass family; winter annual; light-green
seedlings as distinguished from southwestern cupgrass, with short, soft hairs
on leaf blade and sheath; hairlike ligule less prominent than in southwestern
cupgrass.
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Dodder
(Cuscuta spp.): Morningglory family, summer annual. Leafless
or with small scalelike triangular leaves about 1/16-inch in
length; stems slender, twining or threadlike; vary in color
from pale green to yellow or bright orange.
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Green foxtail
(Setaria viridis): Grass family; summer annual; leaf blade is flat, light
green, and narrow; sheath red-purple around base of plant; no fine hairs on upper
surface of leaf blade near collar (as in yellow foxtail); by pulling leaf sheath
away from stem, fine hairs on sheath below collar region are revealed.
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Witchgrass
(Panicum capillare): Grass family; summer annual; light green to red-purple
and resembles crabgrass seedling but have slightly narrower leaf blades and longer
silky hairs with swollen bases.
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Yellow foxtail
(Setaria pumila): Grass family; summer annual; first blade linear, roughly
7 times longer than wide and opens almost parallel to ground; leaves rolled in
bud; ligule—fringe of hairs; no auricles; no hairs on leaf-sheath margin
below collar; leaf blades of young seedlings smooth on lower surface, with long
hairs on basal area of upper surface; margins smooth or slightly rough.
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