The most common vertebrate pests in alfalfa
  are pocket gophers, voles, and ground squirrels.
  - Look for fresh
    pocket gopher mounds each
    time the field is mowed.
 
  - Watch 
    field edges for ground
    squirrel burrows                  and damage
    about once a month.
 
  - Identify vole trails and
    burrows and damage in late winter when the fields are dormant.
 
  - Record
    your
    monitoring
    results on a map of the field.
 
Names link to more information on identification and management.
  
  Click on photos to enlarge
  
    
        
        Ground squirrels 
        Identification tip: Head and body 9 to 11 inches long with mottled dark and light brown or gray fur with a somewhat bushy tail about as long as its body.
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        Ground squirrels (damage) 
        Identification tip: Look for large mounds of dirt piled over alfalfa plants.
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        Pocket gopher 
        Identification tip: 6 to 8 inches long.
          Brown, gray, or yellowish with large clawed front paws,
          small ears and eyes and a short, scantily haired tail. 
  | 
        
        Pocket gopher (damage) 
        Identification tip: Pocket gopher
          mounds are generally fan-shaped and have a plugged
          opening.
  | 
    
    
        
        Voles 
        Identification tip: Stocky rodent about 4–6 inches full grown with blunt-nose, small ears and eyes, short legs and tail, and course dark gray or grayish brown fur.
  | 
        
        Voles (damage) 
        Identification tip: Look for aboveground
          runways that connect the openings of shallow burrows.
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For more Information, see Irrigated
  Alfalfa Management.