Life cycle and stages of a lady beetle predator of scale insects. A. Female soft scale. B. Female scale underside. C. Early-instar beetle larva feeding on scale eggs and crawlers beneath the female. D. Late-instar beetle larva, which feeds openly on scales. E. Beetle pupa. F. Adult lady beetle. G. Lady beetle egg (enlarged) laid near a scale. Credit: Adapted from illustrations in F. L. Simanton. 1916. Hyperaspis binotata, a predatory enemy of the terrapin scale. Journal of Agricultural Research 6: 197-204.
