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Coast Fiddleneck (Amsinckia menziesii var. intermedia)
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Coast fiddleneck is a native winter annual with upright stems, found throughout California to about 5600 feet (1700 m). It inhabits agricultural land and other disturbed areas. Of the many Amsinckia species and varieties in California, coast fiddleneck is most often reported as a weed, although it is a desirable component of wildlands. Coast fiddleneck fruits can be toxic to livestock when consumed in quantity. Poisonings most often occur when livestock ingest contaminated grain or feed.
Habitat
Grasslands, pastures, roadsides, agronomic crop fields, orchards, vineyards, and disturbed open and often dry places.
Seedling
Cotyledons (seed leaves) are deeply lobed and "Y" shaped. Lobes are sparsely hairy and narrowly egg shaped with rounded tips. First and later leaves are long and narrow, with stiff hairs and smooth edges. Leaves are alternate to one another along the stem.
Young plant
Young plants exist as rosettes until the flower stem develops.
Mature plant
Coast fiddleneck reaches up to 4 feet (1.2 meters) tall. Leaves are alternate to one another along the stem and are stalkless, except for the short-stalked lower leaves. Leaves are long and narrow to spear shaped with smooth edges and sparsely to moderately covered with stiff, bristly hair.
Flowers
Flowers bloom mostly from March through June. The distinctive flowering head curls like the neck of a fiddle and is lined on one side with small tubular yellow orange to pale yellow flowers.
Fruits
Fruits consist of four, erect, one-seeded nutlets that separate after dispersal. Sometimes only two to three nutlets develop to maturity.
Seeds
Nutlets are gray, triangular to egg shaped, with a sharply textured or ridged surface. They are about 1/7 of an inch (3.5 mm) or less in diameter.
Reproduction
Reproduces by seed.
Related or similar plants
Heliotrope, Heliotropium spp.
More information
- Broadleaf ID illustration
- Calflora's distribution map
- See UC IPM's Pest Management Guidelines for agricultural information
