Remove a branch by making the pruning cut just outside the branch bark ridge and branch collar, as indicated by number 3. When removing a limb larger than about 2 inches in diameter, make three cuts in the order indicated. Make the first cut from below, about one-fourth of the way through the limb and 1 or 2 feet from the trunk. Make the second cut about 2 inches beyond the first cut, cutting from above until the limb drops. Make the final cut at number 3.

From Dreistadt, S. H., J. K. Clark, and M. L. Flint. 2nd edition in press. Pests of Landscape Trees and Shrubs. Oakland: Univ. Calif. Agric. Nat. Res. Publ. 3359.