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Grape

Summer Annual Weed Seedlings

On this page
  • Burning nettle
  • Common lambsquarters
  • Prosrate pigweed
  • Spotted spurge
  • Barnyardgrass
  • Black nightshade
  • Hairy fleabane
  • Horseweed
  • Large crabgrass
  • Morningglories
  • Puncturevine
  • Purple cudweed
  • Tall annual willowherb
  • Yellow foxtail

Names link to more information on identification and biology.

Click on photos to enlarge
In all California grape-growing regions

Burning nettle seedling.
Burning nettle
(Urtica urens): Nettle family; winter or summer annual; rounded seed leaves with smooth margin and small notch at tip; first true leaves with small notch at tip, opposite, stalked, and distinctly toothed.

Seedling of common lambsquarters, Chenopodium album.
Common lambsquarters
(Chenopodium album): Goosefoot family; summer annual; seed leaves are narrow, with nearly parallel sides; seed leaves and early true leaves dull blue-green above and often purple below.
Seedling of prostrate pigweed, Amaranthus blitoides, at the two-leaf stage.
Prostrate pigweed
(Amaranthus blitoides): Pigweed family; summer annual; seed leaves narrow, pointed, 6 to 8 times longer than wide, with magenta undersides; first true leaves broader, with shiny upper surface and usually magenta-tinged undersides; edges somewhat rough.
Spotted spurge seedling.
Spotted spurge
(Chamaesyce maculata): Spurge family; summer annual; seed leaves oval, tips roundish, blue-green with smooth margin; first true leaves rounded, leaf surface smooth and dull, dark green with reddish tinge.
All regions except Coachella Valley—Top of page
Seedling of barnyardgrass, Echinochloa crus-galli.
Barnyardgrass
(Echinochloa crus-galli) Grass family; summer annual; first leaf dull gray-green; stem flattened, purplish; no ligule.
Black nightshade seedling.
Black nightshade
(Solanum nigrum): Nightshade family; summer annual; seed leaves oval and pointed; first true leaves spade shaped with smooth edges; lower surfaces often purple; petioles stems and leaves with some hairs.
Seedling of hairy fleabane, Conyza bonariensis, at the four-leaf stage.
Hairy fleabane
(Conyza bonariensis): Sunflower family; summer annual; seed leaves gray-green; first leaves narrow and covered with short, soft hairs; often wrinkled or distorted.
Horseweed seedling.
Horseweed
(Conyza canadensis): Sunflower family; summer annual; seed leaves dull green, oval with fine hairs, and with short stalks that sometimes may be tinged with brown-purple; first true leaves covered with hairs on upper surface and margins; undersides of early leaves smooth.
Crabgrass seedling.
Large crabgrass
(Digitaria sanguinalis): Grass family; summer annual; first leaf blade linear to lance shaped, with stiff, jagged, and papery ligule; hairs on margins of the collar wide; no auricles; leaves covered with coarse hairs; leaves rolled in bud.
Seedling of 
				annual morningglory
Morningglories
(Ipomoea spp.): Morningglory family; summer annual; seed leaves deeply notched; heart-shaped first true leaves with deep lobes at base; stem below seed leaves maroon at base and green toward leaf tip.

Puncturevine seedling.
Puncturevine
(Tribulus terrestris): Caltrop family; summer annual; seed leaves thick, brittle, 2 to 3 times longer than wide; petioles pinkish; true leaves dark green with grayish underside and rough margins.

Seedling of purple cudweed, Gnaphalium purpureum, at the four-leaf stage.
Purple cudweed
(Gnaphalium purpureum): Sunflower family; winter annual, summer annual, or biennial; seed leaves and first true leaves covered on both sides with whitish hairs; seed leaves 2 to 3 times longer than wide.

Seedling of panicle-leaf willowherb, Epilobium brachycarpum, at the four-leaf stage.
Tall annual willowherb
(Epibolium brachycarpum): Primrose family; summer annual; seed leaves small, round, often dark reddish-green; true leaves narrow, 4 to 5 times longer than wide, first true leaves opposite and smooth around edges.

Seedling of yellow foxtail, Setaria pumila, at the four-leaf stage.
Yellow foxtail
(Setaria pumila): Grass family; summer annual; first blade linear, roughly 7 times longer than wide and opens almost parallel to ground; leaves rolled in bud; ligule—fringe of hairs; no auricles; no hairs on leaf-sheath margin below collar; leaf blades of young seedlings smooth on lower surface, with long hairs on basal area of upper surface; margins smooth or slightly rough.

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