Research and IPMPhenology Model Database
Encarsia formosaScientific name: Encarsia formosa (a parasite of whiteflies) Phenology models predict timing of events in an organism's development. For many organisms which cannot internally regulate their own temperature, development is dependent on temperatures to which they are exposed in the environment. Information in this database comes from published articles. It may be used in conjunction with field monitoring and a degree-day calculator.Note: Before using a model that was not field tested in your location, you should test the model for one or more seasons under your conditions to verify that it will work for you. Model 1 of 2Osborne, L. S. 1982. Temperature-dependent development of greenhouse whitefly and its parasite Encarsia formosa. Environ. Entomol. 11: 483-485. Location of study: Apopka, Florida (laboratory and greenhouse studies) Developmental threshold
Method of calculation: not specified (UC IPM recommends Single Sine) Degree-day accumulations required for each stage of development
Model 2 of 2Enkegaard, A. 1993. Encarsia formosa parasitizing the Poinsettia-strain of the cotton whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, on Poinsettia: bionomics in relation to temperature. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 69: 251-261. Location of study: Denmark (laboratory studies) Developmental thresholds
Method of calculation: Max-Min Method: Degree-days = [(Tmax - Tmin)/2] - To, where Tmax is the daily max temperature, Tmin is the daily min temperature, To is the lower threshold. Set Degree-days to 0 when To > (Tmax - Tmin)/2. Degree-day accumulations required for each stage of development Biofix:
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