Research and IPM

Phenology Model Database

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Spotted Tentiform Leafminer

Scientific name: Phyllonorycter blancardella

Phenology models predict timing of events in an organism's development. For many organisms which cannot internally regulate their own temperature, development is dependent on temperatures to which they are exposed in the environment.

Information in this database comes from published articles. It may be used in conjunction with field monitoring and a degree-day calculator.

Note: Before using a model that was not field tested in your location, you should test the model for one or more seasons under your conditions to verify that it will work for you.

Model 1 of 2

Johnson, E. F., R. Trottier, and J. E. Laing. 1979. Degree- day relationships to the development of Lithocolletis blancardella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) and its parasite Apanteles ornigis (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Can. Ent. 111: 1177-1184.

Location of study: Meaford and Guelph, Ontario (laboratory and field studies)

Developmental threshold

Lower: 44.1°F (6.7°C)

Method of calculation: Max-min (UC IPM recommends Single Sine)

Degree-day accumulations required for each stage of development

Biofix: First adult emergence

Host: Apple	DD (°F)	DD (°C)
Generation time (adult to adult):	909.0	505.0

Model 2 of 2

Rock, G. C., R. E. Stinner, J. E. Bacheler, L. A. Hull, and H. W. Hogmire, Jr. 1993. Predicting geographical and within-season variation in male flights of four fruit pests. Environ. Entomol. 22: 716-725.

Location of study: Biglerville, PA (field studies)

Developmental threshold

Lower: 44.1°F (6.7°C)

Upper: 86.0f (30.0)

Method of calculation: Hourly (UC IPM recommends Single Sine)

Cutoff method: Vertical Cutoff

Degree-day accumulations required for each stage of development

Biofix: Peak of male flights

Host: Apple	DD (°F)	DD (°C)
Generation 1-2 (adult to adult):	760.0	422.0
Generation 2-3 (adult to adult):	1247.4	693.0

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