Resources

Educational Materials: Detailed Descriptions

Third Edition
Integrated Pest Management for Walnuts

Published 2003 · Publication 3270 · 136 pages

This third edition, newly revised and expanded, is a comprehensive and practical guide that contains biological, ecological, and management information for more than 120 vertebrate, insect, mite, pathogen, and weed pests occurring in almond orchards in California. More than 30 University of California researchers, Cooperative Extension specialists, farm advisors, and pest control professionals contributed to the content. The book provides an ecological framework for making pest management decisions. It covers the development and growth requirements of the almond tree and general management techniques, including identification, field monitoring, control action guidelines, cultural controls, biological controls, and the use of pesticides in an integrated pest management program. Vertebrate pests include ground squirrels, pocket gophers, mice, rabbits, deer, coyotes, and birds. Among the insect and mite pests are navel orangeworm, peach twig borer, San Jose scale, olive scale, European fruit lecanium, mites, oriental fruit moth, borers, ants, stink bugs and other true bugs, carob moth, leafrollers, and tent caterpillars. Diseases include crown and root rots, trunk and branch cankers, vascular system diseases, branch foliage and/or fruit diseases, bud failure disorders, and environmentally caused diseases.

New in the Third Edition

• Emphasizes pheromone confusion and biological control
• Extensively revised chapter on vertebrate pest management adds recommendations for control techniques where endangered species occur
• Revised and expanded chapter on vegetation management
• 24 new pest problems
• Revised and updated tables on susceptibility of rootstocks and scion cultivars to major pests
• 65 new color photos
• Detailed index

Excellent Photographs

Readers can find 215 color photographs and 41 line drawings and tables that illustrate key features and symptoms helpful in diagnosing problems, identifying pests and natural enemies, and carrying out monitoring and sampling programs.

Integrated Pest Management for Walnuts, third edition, was written by Larry Strand, photographs are by Jack Kelly Clark, and Mary Louise Flint served as technical editor.

How to order

This publication is available from the UC ANR Communication Services catalog. It is also available by mail, by telephone, or through the ANR sales offices and many UC County Cooperative Extension offices. For locations and more information, see "How to Order Publications."

List of Contents

The Walnut Tree: Development and Growth Requirements

• The Seasonal Cycle of the Walnut · Growth Requirements

Managing Pests in Walnuts

• Pest Identification · Orchard Monitoring (Monitoring Pests ·  Monitoring Weather · Accumulating Degree-Days) · Control Action Guidelines · Management Methods (Site Selection and Preparation ·  Cultivar and Rootstock Selection · Ground Covers · Sanitation · Water Management · Fertilization · Harvesting · Biological Control · Pesticides)

Vertebrates

• Managing Vertebrate Pests · Ground Squirrels · Eastern Fox Squirrel · Eastern Gray Squirrel · Pocket Gophers · Mule Deer · Voles (Meadow Mice) · Black-tailed Jackrabbit · Cottontail and Brush Rabbits · Birds

Insects and Mites

• Monitoring Insects and Mites (Monitoring Methods · Prevention and Management) · Codling Moth · Navel Orangeworm  · Walnut Husk Fly  · Walnut Aphid · Dusky-Veined Aphid  · Walnut Scale · San Jose Scale · California Red Scale · Italian Pear Scale · Oystershell Scale  · Frosted Scale · European Fruit Lecanium · Calico Scale · Twospotted Mite · Pacific Mite  · European Red Mite  · Redhumped Caterpillar  · Fall Webworm · Minor Insect Pests (Plant Bugs ·  European Earwig · Southern Fire Ant · Pacific Flatheaded Borer · Western Tussock Moth · Bean Thrips ·  Serpentine Leafminer · Leafrollers · Walnut Blister Mite)

Diseases

• Walnut Blight · Downy Spot · Blackline · Phytophthora Root and Crown Rot · Armillaria Root and Crown Rot  · Crown Gall  · Branch Wilt  · Deep Bark Canker  · Shallow Bark Canker  · Kernel Mold · Diseases Caused by Environmental Factors (Sunburn · Mesophyll Collapse ·  Frost and Freeze Damage ·  Pistillate Flower Abortion ·  Soil Problems · Nutritional Disorders)

Nematodes

• Description and Damage · Management Guidelines

Vegetation Management

• Weed Management (Management Methods ·  Management during Orchard Establishment · Management in Established Orchards) · Weed Monitoring · Identifying Major Weed Species · Perennial Grasses and Sedges (Johnsongrass · Dallisgrass · Bermudagrass · Nutsedge) · Perennial Broadleaves (Curly Dock · Field Bindweed · Dandelion · White Clover) · Biennial Broadleaves (Little Mallow/Cheeseweed ·  Bristly Oxtongue) · Winter Annual Grasses (Annual Bluegrass · Wild Oat · Hare Barley/Wild Barley) · Winter Annual Broadleaves (Mustards · Wild Radish · Redmaids/Desert Rockpurslane · Common Chickweed · Burclover · Filaree) · Summer Annual Grasses (Barnyardgrass · Bearded Sprangletop · Large Crabgrass · Fall Panicum · Witchgrass) · Summer Annual Broadleaves (Common Knotweed · Spotted Spurge · Puncturevine · Common Purslane · Horseweed · Hairy Fleabane) · Cover Crops

Key to Damage Symptoms

Suggested Reading

Glossary

Index

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