Phenology models predict timing of events in an organism's development. For many organisms which cannot internally regulate their own temperature, development is dependent on temperatures to which they are exposed in the environment.
Information in this database comes from published articles. It may be used in conjunction with field monitoring and a degree-day calculator.
Note: Before using a model that was not field tested in your location, you should test the model for one or more seasons under your conditions to verify that it will work for you.
Model 1
Fidanza, M.A., P.H. Dernoeden, and M. Zhang. 1996. Degree-days for predicting smooth crabgrass emergence in cool-season turfgrass. Crop Science 36: 990-996.
- Location of study: Silver Spring, Maryland (field study)
- Lower developmental threshold: 53.6°F (12°C) soil temperature at 2.5 cm depth
- Method of calculation: Max-Min Method: Degree-days = [(Tmax - Tmin)/2] - To, where Tmax is the daily max temperature, Tmin is the daily min temperature, To is the lower threshold. Set Degree-days to 0 when To > (Tmax - Tmin)/2.
Degree-day accumulations required for each stage of development
Biofix: April 1 in mid-Atlantic and Northern U.S.
- First emergence 76-140 (°F) 42-78 (°C)
- Initial major emergence 252-414 (°F) 140-230 (°C)
- 25% emergence 558 (°F) 310 (°C)
- 50% emergence 801 (°F) 445 (°C)
- 75% emergence 1107 (°F) 615 (°C)
- 95% emergence 1701 (°F) 945 (°C)
Could be used as guide for targeting post-emergence herbicide applications.
