Home and Landscape

Black Nightshade

  • Solanum nigrum
Updated: 04/2026

Phenology models predict timing of events in an organism's development. For many organisms which cannot internally regulate their own temperature, development is dependent on temperatures to which they are exposed in the environment.

Information in this database comes from published articles. It may be used in conjunction with field monitoring and a degree-day calculator.

Note: Before using a model that was not field tested in your location, you should test the model for one or more seasons under your conditions to verify that it will work for you.

Model 1

McGiffen, M. E., Jr. and J. B. Masiunas. 1992. Prediction of black and eastern black nightshade (Solanum nigrum and S. ptycanthum) growth using degree-days. Weed Science 40: 86-89.

  • Location of study: Illinois (field studies)
  • Lower developmental threshold: 42.8°F (6.0°C)
  • Method of calculation: Double Sine

Degree-day accumulations required for each stage of development

Biofix: Count degree-days after planting.

Stage

  • Flowering: 1080.0 (°F) 600.0 (°C)
  • Rapid plant growth: 1620.0 (°F) 900.0 (°C)
  • Berry and seed maturity: 1800.0 (°F) 1000.0 (°C)
Mature plant showing angled stems of elliptical leaves with wavy margins, and white flowers; . Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM. Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM
Mature black nightshade plant. Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM