True bugs usually have thickened forewings with membranous tips. When they rest, the dissimilar parts of their folded wings overlap. Most true bugs can be recognized by the characteristic triangle or X-shape on the back formed by their folded wings. True bugs have sucking mouthparts, which on plant-feeding species point downward, perpendicular to the plane of the insect's body. Common true bugs are lace bugs (tingids), boxelder bugs, ash plant bugs, lygus bugs, stink bugs, and chinch and false chinch bugs.
Life cycle
True bugs go through incomplete metamorphosis. Depending on the species, eggs are laid exposed on foliage or bark or inserted in plant tissue. The flightless nymphs gradually change to winged adults without any pupal stage.
Damage
True bugs suck juices from leaves, fruit, or nuts, forming a pale stippling around feeding sites and distorting tissue. Varnishlike spots of excrement often dot leaves. Bugs do not seriously harm woody plants; however, activities of some species can be undesirable. Lace bugs may cause heavy damage, which may be confused with that of greenhouse thrips.
Solutions
Most true bugs do not cause serious harm to established plants. Provide proper cultural care so plants are vigorous. Provide adequate irrigation. Avoid growing shade-adapted species in full sunlight. Damaged foliage can be pruned out. Consider replacing especially susceptible plants with resistant species. Spraying for bugs is generally not recommended, although oils or soaps may be used with good coverage. Parasites and general predators may contribute to control.
