Home and Landscape

Pest Identification and Confirmation—Common Leaf Spot Diseases

Toyon scab on leaves, University Arboretum, Davis Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM
Foliage damaged by Toyon scab Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM

Fungal scab

Olive green to black, circular, scabby or velvety spots appear on infected leaves, which may yellow or redden and drop prematurely. Occurs on many hosts.

Reddish brown lesions on green fruit, holes in leaves. Redding, CA, Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM
Foliage and fruit damaged by shot hole. Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM

Shot hole

Reddish, purplish, or brown spots appear on new buds, leaves, and shoots. Spots expand and centers turn brown. Small dark specks form in the brown centers. These help distinguish shot hole from other diseases. Affects Prunus spp.

Elm anthracnose on Chinese elm, black leaf spots Albany, Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM
Black leaf spots caused by Chinese elm anthracnose, Stegophora ulmea, fungus. Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM

Anthracnose

Anthracnose causes small spots on oaks and walnuts and larger spots on elm, ash, birch, and redbud. Large angular areas occur on maple and sycamore.

Damage to foliage Sacramento Co; Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM
Foliage damaged by Septoria leaf spot Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM

Septoria

Round, angular, flecked, sunken, or irregular spots appear on mostly older leaves. Affects Populus spp., azaleas, and hebe.

Reddish brown lesions with yellowish halos on underside of leaf; Orange County. Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM
Entomosporium leaf spot on Rhaphiolepis. Credit: Jack Kelly Clark, UC IPM

Entomosporium

Tiny reddish spots, sometimes surrounded by a yellow halo, appear on leaves of infected plants. Spots darken and enlarge as the leaves mature. Cream-colored specks with a glossy membrane eventually appear in the center of the spots. Affects rose family plants, including pome fruits.

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